Desarrollo Gemelo Digital para diseño de componentes mecánicos manufacturados por CNC - Industria Aeroespacial Mexicana

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59722/synergia.v2i1.1239

Palavras-chave:

aeroespacial, ferramenta mecânica, manufatura, indústria mexicana, gêmeo digital

Resumo

En la industria aeroespacial mexicana, el maquinado de componentes metalmecánicos mediante tecnologías CNC (Control Numérico Computarizado) ha emergido como un elemento central en la competitividad y capacidad de producción. El análisis del estado actual revela un aprovechamiento limitado de herramientas avanzadas de simulación y optimización, que restringe la eficiencia y precisión de la manufactura. Las prácticas predominantes dependen de simulaciones CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) orientadas a la planificación de trayectorias de corte, se omite el comportamiento dinámico real de las máquinas-herramienta y la interacción material-herramienta durante el proceso de mecanizado, provocando un desfase entre las condiciones simuladas y los resultados reales. La ausencia de gemelos digitales integrales que cierren el ciclo “Diseño, Proceso y Desempeño”, la falta de una arquitectura de gemelo digital que combine CAD (Computer Aided Design), simulación dinámica de corte, datos operativos de la máquina y modelos de inteligencia artificial explicable limita la capacidad de optimización integral del componente. La optimización paramétrica principalmente se realiza de manera empírica, basándose en la experiencia del operador o ingeniero, restringiendo la escalabilidad, trazabilidad y robustez de los procesos frente a variaciones de material, geometría o condiciones de corte. En este contexto, la incorporación de maquinados CNC con capacidades avanzadas representa una oportunidad tecnológica estratégica para la industria metalmecánica mexicana. Estas capacidades permiten el desarrollo de modelos predictivos más sofisticados, alimentados por inteligencia artificial y técnicas de machine learning, que optimizan parámetros de corte y predicen desempeño. La integración de CAM avanzada con análisis de dinámica de corte y modelos de IA explicable, facilita un diseño de proceso basado en evidencia, disminuyendo la dependencia de la experiencia empírica y elevando la eficiencia de la manufactura. La adopción de gemelos digitales completos en la fabricación CNC habilita mejora continua de productos y procesos. Esto resulta particularmente crítico en el contexto aeroespacial.

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Portada del artículo en la Revista SyNerGia Empresarial, Vol. 2, Núm. 1 (2026).

Publicado

2026-08-02

Como Citar

Castañeda, J. R. (2026). Desarrollo Gemelo Digital para diseño de componentes mecánicos manufacturados por CNC - Industria Aeroespacial Mexicana. Revista SyNerGia Empresarial, 2(1), 7–32. https://doi.org/10.59722/synergia.v2i1.1239

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